%% The first command in your LaTeX source must be the \documentclass command.
%%
\documentclass[
% twocolumn,
hf,
]{ceurart}

\pagestyle{plain}

\setcounter{page}{1}

%%
%% One can fix some overfulls


%% end of the preamble, start of the body of the document source.
\begin{document}

%%
%% Rights management information.
%% CC-BY is default license.
\copyrightyear{2026}
\copyrightclause{Copyright for this paper by its authors.
	Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0
	International (CC BY 4.0).}

%%
%% This command is for the conference information
\conference{STEM@ICon-MaSTEd 2026: 5th Yurii Ramskyi STE(A)M Workshop co-located with XVIII International Conference on Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, May 13, 2026, Ternopil, Ukraine}

%%
%% The "title" command
\title{How to format your workshop paper}

%%
%% The "author" command and its associated commands are used to define
%% the authors and their affiliations.

\author[1,2]{Vasyl P. Oleksiuk}[%
orcid=0000-0003-2206-8447,
email={oleksyuk@fizmat.tnpu.edu.ua},
url={https://tnpu.edu.ua/faculty/fizmat/oleksyuk-vasil-petrovich.php},
]

\address[1]{Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, 2 M. Kryvonosa Str., Ternopil, Ukraine}
\address[2]{Institute for Digitalisation of Education of the NAES of Ukraine,
	9 M. Berlynskoho Str., Kyiv, 04060, Ukraine}



\author[3,2,4,5,6]{Serhiy O. Semerikov}[%
orcid={0000-0003-0789-0272},
email={semerikov@gmail.com},
url={https://acnsci.org/semerikov},
]

\address[3]{Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University,
	54 Universytetskyi Ave., Kryvyi Rih, 50086, Ukraine}
\address[4]{Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, 103 Chudnivsyka Str., Zhytomyr, 10005, Ukraine}
\address[5]{Kryvyi Rih National University, 11 Vitalii Matusevych Str., Kryvyi Rih, 50027, Ukraine}
\address[6]{Academy of Cognitive and Natural Sciences, 54 Universytetskyi Ave., Kryvyi Rih, 50086, Ukraine}

\author[4,2,3,6]{Tetiana A. Vakaliuk}[%
orcid={0000-0001-6825-4697},
email={tetianavakaliuk@gmail.com},
url={https://acnsci.org/vakaliuk/},
]





%%
%% The abstract is a short summary of the work to be presented in the
%% article.
\begin{abstract}
  A clear and well-documented \LaTeX{} document is presented as an
  article formatted for publication your workshop paper in the CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS). Based on the ``ceurart'' document class, this article
  presents and explains many of the common variations, as well as many
  of the formatting elements an author may use in the preparation of
  the documentation of their work.
\end{abstract}

%%
%% Keywords. The author(s) should pick words that accurately describe
%% the work being presented. Separate the keywords with commas.
\begin{keywords}
	LaTeX class \sep
	paper template \sep
	paper formatting \sep
	CEUR-WS
\end{keywords}

%%
%% This command processes the author and affiliation and title
%% information and builds the first part of the formatted document.
\maketitle
\thispagestyle{plain}


\section{On the \LaTeX{}}

You can freely use any \LaTeX{} compatible typesetting system (e.g., TeXStudio + TexLive is a good choice for any operating systems), but if you don't to be involved into the \LaTeX{} system administration, we propose to use a cloud based \LaTeX{} editors like Overleaf (\url{www.overleaf.com}).
After registering at www.overleaf.com, you can start your paper revision with this template using 'New Project' -- 'Upload Project' menu (figure~\ref{overleaf_1}).

\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{img/overleaf_1}
	\caption{How to upload your project to Overleaf.}
	\label{overleaf_1}       % Give a unique label
\end{figure}

The next step is to select the template archive  (figure~\ref{overleaf_2}).

\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{img/overleaf_2}
	\caption{Overleaf, online \LaTeX{} editor.}
	\label{overleaf_2}       % Give a unique label
\end{figure}

To get a camera-ready version of your paper in PDF, you can click to ``Download PDF'' icon or use 'Menu' to download both \LaTeX{} source files (ZIP) and camera-ready version (PDF) (figure~\ref{overleaf_3}).

\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.75\linewidth]{img/overleaf_3}
	\caption{How to download your project from Overleaf.}
	\label{overleaf_3}       % Give a unique label
\end{figure}


The most-often recommended tutorial is the '(Not So) Short Guide to \LaTeX{}2$\varepsilon$' (\url{https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/}).


\section{On the template}

This proceedings article template provides a consistent \LaTeX{} style for
use across workshop publications, and incorporates accessibility and
metadata-extraction functionality. This document will explain the
major features of the document class\footnote{You can use this
	document as the template for preparing your publication. We
	recommend using the latest version of the ceurart style.}.

If you are new to publishing with CEUR-WS, this document is a valuable
guide to the process of preparing your work for publication.

The ``\verb|ceurart.cls|'' document class can be used to prepare articles
for any CEUR-WS publication, and for any stage of publication, from
review to final ``camera-ready'' copy with {\itshape very} few changes
to the source.

This class depends on the following packages
for its proper functioning:

\begin{itemize}
\item \verb|natbib.sty| for citation processing;
\item \verb|geometry.sty| for margin settings;
\item \verb|graphicx.sty| for graphics inclusion;
\item \verb|hyperref.sty| optional package if hyperlinking is required in
  the document;
\item \verb|fontawesome5.sty| optional package for bells and whistles.
\end{itemize}

All the above packages are part of any
standard \LaTeX{} installation.
Therefore, the users need not be
bothered about downloading any extra packages.

An extra files \verb|ceur-ws-logo.pdf| and  \verb|cc-by.pdf| are provides the logotypes of CEUR-WS and CC BY 4.0 respectively. 


\section{Modifications}

Modifying the template --- including but not limited to: adjusting
margins, typeface sizes, line spacing, paragraph and list definitions,
and the use of the \verb|\vspace| command to manually adjust the
vertical spacing between elements of your work --- is not allowed.

\section{Front matter}

\subsection{Title information}

The titles of papers should be either all use the regular English style. It does not make a good impression if you or
your authors mix the styles.

Use the \verb|\title| command to define the title of your work. Do not
insert line breaks in your title.

\subsection{Title variants}

\verb|\title| command have the below options:
\begin{itemize}
\item \verb|title|: Document title. This is default option. 
\begin{verbatim}
\title[mode=title]{This is a title}
\end{verbatim}
You can just omit it, like as follows:
\begin{verbatim}
\title{This is a title}
\end{verbatim}

\item \verb|sub|: Sub title.
\begin{verbatim}
\title[mode=sub]{This is a sub title}
\end{verbatim}
You can just use \verb|\subtitle| command, as follows:
\begin{verbatim}
\subtitle{This is a sub title}
\end{verbatim}

\end{itemize}

\subsection{Authors and affiliations}

Each author must be defined separately for accurate metadata
identification. Multiple authors may share one affiliation. Authors'
names should not be abbreviated; use full first names wherever
possible. Include authors' e-mail addresses whenever possible.

\verb|\author| command have the below options: 

\begin{itemize}
\item \verb|orcid|: ORCID
\item \verb|email|: E-mail
\item \verb|url|: URL
\end{itemize}

Author names can have some kinds of marks and notes:
\begin{itemize}
\item affiliation mark: \verb|\author[<num>]|
\item email: \verb|\ead{<email>}|
\item url: \verb|\ead[url]{<url>}|
\end{itemize}

The author names and affiliations could be formatted in two ways:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Group the authors per affiliation.
\item Use an explicit mark to indicate the affiliations.
\end{enumerate}

Author block example:
\begin{verbatim}
\author[1,2]{Author Name}[%
    orcid=0000-0000-000-0000,
    email={name@example.com},
    url={https://name.example.com}
]

\address[1]{Affiliation #1}
\address[2]{Affiliation #2}
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Abstract and keywords}

Abstract shall be entered in an environment that starts
with \verb|\begin{abstract}| and ends with
\verb|\end{abstract}|. 

\begin{verbatim}
\begin{abstract}
  This is an abstract.
\end{abstract}
\end{verbatim}

The key words are enclosed in a \verb|keywords|
environment. Use \verb|\sep| to separate keywords.

\begin{verbatim}
\begin{keywords}
  First keyword \sep 
  Second keyword \sep 
  Third keyword \sep 
  Fourth keyword
\end{keywords}
\end{verbatim}

At the end of front matter add \verb|\maketitle| command.

\section{Sectioning commands}

Your work should use standard \LaTeX{} sectioning commands:
\verb|\section|, \verb|\subsection|,
\verb|\subsubsection|, and
\verb|\paragraph|. They should be numbered; do not remove
the numbering from the commands.

Simulating a sectioning command by setting the first word or words of
a paragraph in boldface or italicized text is not allowed.

\section{Tables}

The ``\verb|ceurart|'' document class includes the ``\verb|booktabs|''
package --- \url{https://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs} --- for preparing
high-quality tables.

Tables should be numbered sequentially throughout the text and referred to in the text 
by number (table 1, etc, {\bf rather than} tab. 1). 
Each table should be a float and be positioned within the text at the most convenient place 
near to where it is first mentioned in the text. It should have an 
explanatory caption which should be as concise as possible. 
Table captions are placed \textit{above} the table.

Because tables cannot be split across pages, the best placement for
them is typically the top of the page nearest their initial cite.  To
ensure this proper ``floating'' placement of tables, use the
environment \verb|table| to enclose the table's contents and the
table caption. The contents of the table itself must go in the
\verb|tabular| environment, to be aligned properly in rows and
columns, with the desired horizontal and vertical rules.

Immediately following this sentence is the point at which
table~\ref{tab:freq} is included in the input file; compare the
placement of the table here with the table in the printed output of
this document.

\begin{table*}
  \caption{Frequency of special characters.}
  \label{tab:freq}
  \begin{tabular}{ccl}
    \toprule
    Non-English or Math&Frequency&Comments\\
    \midrule
    \O & 1 in 1,000& For Swedish names\\
    $\pi$ & 1 in 5& Common in math\\
    \$ & 4 in 5 & Used in business\\
    $\Psi^2_1$ & 1 in 40,000& Unexplained usage\\
  \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table*}

You can find a lot of examples at \href{https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Tables}{\textit{Overleaf documentation on tables}}. 

\section{Math equations}

You may want to display math equations in three distinct styles:
inline, numbered or non-numbered display.  Each of the three are
discussed in the next sections.

Equations may be numbered sequentially throughout the text (i.e., (1), (2), (3), ...) 
or numbered by section (i.e., (1.1), (1.2), (2.1), ...) depending on the author’s personal preference. 
In articles with several appendices equation numbering by section is useful in the appendices even 
when sequential numbering has been used throughout the main body of the text: for example, 
A.1, A.2 and so forth. When referring to an equation in the text, always put the equation number 
in brackets -- e.g. ‘as in equation (2)’ or ‘as in equation (2.1)’ -- and always spell out the word ‘equation’ 
in full, e.g. ‘if equation (5) is factorized’; do not use abbreviations such as ‘eqn.’ or ‘eq.’.

\subsection{Inline (in-text) equations}

A formula that appears in the running text is called an inline or
in-text formula.  It is produced by the \verb|math| environment,
which can be invoked with the usual
\verb|\begin| \ldots \verb|\end| construction or with
the short form \verb|$| \ldots \verb|$|. You can use any of the symbols
and structures, from $\alpha$ to $\omega$;
this section will simply show a few
examples of in-text equations in context. Notice how this equation:
\begin{math}
	\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{n} = 0,
\end{math}
set here in in-line math style, looks slightly different when
set in display style.  (See next subsection).

\subsection{Display equations}

A numbered display equation -- one set off by vertical space from the
text and centered horizontally -- is produced by the \verb|equation|
environment. An unnumbered display equation is produced by the
\verb|displaymath| environment (or \verb|equation*| with \verb|amsmath| package).

Again, in either environment, you can use any of the symbols and
structures available in \LaTeX{}; this section will just give a couple
of examples of display equations in context.  First, consider the
equation, shown as an inline equation above:
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{equation}
\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{n} = 0.
\end{equation}
\end{verbatim}
\begin{equation}
	\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{n} = 0.
\end{equation}
Notice how it is formatted somewhat differently in
the \verb|displaymath|
environment.  Now, we'll enter an unnumbered equation:
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{displaymath}
S_{n} = \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_{i} ,
\end{displaymath}
\end{verbatim}
\begin{displaymath}
	S_{n} = \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_{i} ,
\end{displaymath}
and follow it with another numbered equation:
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{equation}\label{lim}
\lim_{x \to 0} (1 + x)^{1/x} = e
\end{equation}
\end{verbatim}
\begin{equation}\label{lim}
	\lim_{x \to 0} (1 + x)^{1/x} = e
\end{equation}
just to demonstrate \LaTeX's able handling of numbering.

Usually, equations should be centred and should be numbered with the number on the right-hand side. (You can find an additional examples of alignment at \href{https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Aligning_equations_with_amsmath}{\textit{Overleaf documentation on aligning equations with amsmath}}). 

Using \verb|\label{equation}| you can refer to corresponding equation (e.g., equation (\ref{lim})) by number.


\section{Figures}

Figures must be included in the source code of an article at the appropriate place in the text not grouped together at the end. 

Each figure should have a brief caption describing it and, if 
necessary, interpreting the various lines and symbols on the figure. 
As much lettering as possible should be removed from the figure itself and 
included in the caption. If a figure has parts, these should be 
labelled ($a$), ($b$), ($c$), etc. 

Authors should try and use the space allocated to them as economically as possible.  
Place the figure as close as possible after the point where it is first referenced in the text. 
If there are a large number of figures it might be necessary to place some before their text citation. Figures should never appear within or after the reference list.

Individual figures should normally be centred but place two figures side-by-side if they will fit comfortably like this as it saves space. 
At times it may be convenient to put two figures side by side or the caption at the side of a figure. 
To put figures side by side, within a figure environment, put each figure and its caption into a minipage 
with an appropriate width (e.g. 3in or 18pc if the figures are of equal size) and then separate the figures 
slightly by adding some horizontal space between the two minipages (e.g. \verb"\hspace{.2in}" or \verb"\hspace{1.5pc}". 
To get the caption at the side of the figure add the small horizontal space after the \verb"\includegraphics" command and 
then put the \verb"\caption" within a minipage of the appropriate width aligned bottom, i.e. \verb"\begin{minipage}[b]{3in}" etc.
	
The ``\verb|figure|'' environment should be used for figures. One or 	more images can be placed within a figure. 
	
	\begin{figure}
		\centering
		\begin{minipage}{0.39\linewidth}
			\includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{img/photo_cc_.png}
			\caption{\label{label5}Figure caption for first \\of two sided figures.}
		\end{minipage}\hspace{2pc}%
		\begin{minipage}{0.55\linewidth}
			\includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{img/name.pdf}
			\caption{\label{label6}Figure caption for second \\of two sided figures.}
		\end{minipage} 
	\end{figure}
	

Your figures should contain a caption which describes the figure to 	the reader (see figure~\ref{fig-0}). Figure captions go below the figure. Your figures should
also include a description suitable for screen readers, to
assist the visually-challenged to better understand your work.
	
	\begin{figure}[h]
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{img/franklinmodeld}
		\caption{Mrs. F. S. Bliven in auto (circa 1908).}
		\label{fig-0}
	\end{figure}
	
	
For figures with fixed position in text use syntax of figure~\ref{fig-0}:
	\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.75\linewidth]{img/example-franklin}
	\caption{1907 Franklin Model D roadster.}
	\label{fig-0}
	\end{figure}
	\end{verbatim}
	
If a figure has parts these should be labelled as (a), (b), (c) etc on the actual figure. Parts should not have separate captions 	(see figure~\ref{fig5}).
	\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{figure}[t]
	\begin{center}
	\begin{minipage}[b]{0.47\columnwidth}
	\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{img/name.eps}
	\begin{center}(a)\end{center}
	\end{minipage}
	\hspace{0.04\columnwidth}
	\begin{minipage}[b]{0.47\columnwidth}
	\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{img/name.eps}
	\begin{center}(b)\end{center}
	\end{minipage}
	\end{center}
	\caption{\label{fig5}A caption of figure of two parts, (a) and (b).}
	\end{figure}
	\end{verbatim}
	
	\begin{figure}[h]
		\begin{center}
			\begin{minipage}[b]{0.47\columnwidth}
				\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{img/name.eps}
				\begin{center}(a)\end{center}
			\end{minipage}
			\hspace{0.04\columnwidth}
			\begin{minipage}[b]{0.47\columnwidth}
				\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{img/name.eps}
				\begin{center}(b)\end{center}
			\end{minipage}
		\end{center}
		\caption{\label{fig5}A caption of figure of two parts, (a) and (b).}
	\end{figure}
	
	
	
\subsection{Colour illustrations}
You are free to use colour illustrations. 

\subsubsection{Remark}
Use over 300 dpi resolution for your figures (we prefer 600 dpi).

\paragraph{One more remark}
Don't use the lossy compressed images (e.g., JPEG). 

\section{Citations and bibliographies}

References should be cited in the text by placing sequential numbers in brackets using \verb|\cite| (for example, \cite{IA2000}, \cite{Kiv1979K91, Morkun, Editor00}) and \verb|\citet| (for example, \citet{Spirin200575, Osadcha2020155, Vakaliuk2021}). A complete reference should provide enough information to locate the article.
The terms {\it loc.\ cit.\ }and {\it ibid.\ }should not be used. 

Unpublished conferences and reports should generally not be included in the reference list and articles in the course of publication should be entered only if the journal of publication is known. 

A thesis submitted for a higher degree may be included 
in the reference list if it has not been superseded by a published 
paper and is available through a library; sufficient information 
should be given for it to be traced readily.

\subsection{Formatting reference lists}

The use of Bib\TeX{} for the preparation and formatting of one's
references is \textbf{mandatory}. 

The bibliography is included in your source document with this 
command, placed just before the \verb|\end{document}| command:
\begin{verbatim}
\bibliography{bibfile}
\end{verbatim}
where ``\verb|bibfile|'' is the name, without the ``\verb|.bib|''
suffix, of the Bib\TeX{} file.

\section{Bibliographic data fields}

\subsection {References to printed journal articles}

A normal reference to a journal article is constructed as follows \cite{Striuk_2022}:

\begin{verbatim}
@article{Striuk_2022, 
  title={Formation of software design skills among
         software engineering students}, 
  volume={58}, 
  DOI={10.31812/educdim.4519}, 
  journal={Educational Dimension}, 
  author={Striuk, Andrii}, 
  year={2022}, 
  month={Jun.}, 
  pages={1-21} 
}
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{References to CEUR-WS articles}
Each conference proceeding published in CEUR-WS will be a separate {\it volume}; 
references should follow the style for conventional printed journals. For example \cite{DBLP:conf/aredu/SemerikovMM21}:

\begin{verbatim}
@article{DBLP:conf/aredu/SemerikovMM21,
  author = {Serhiy O. Semerikov and
            Mykhailo M. Mintii and Iryna S. Mintii},
  title = {Review of the course {``Development of Virtual
           and Augmented Reality Software''} for {STEM} teachers: 
           implementation results and improvement potentials},
  journal    = {{CEUR Workshop Proceedings}},
  volume    = {2898},
  pages     = {159-177},
  year      = {2021},
  url       = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2898/paper09.pdf},
}
\end{verbatim}

CEUR-WS papers listed in DBLP (\url{https://dblp.org/}) can be cited as follows

\begin{verbatim}
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/aredu/SemerikovMM21,
  author = {Serhiy O. Semerikov and
            Mykhailo M. Mintii and Iryna S. Mintii},
  editor = {Svitlana H. Lytvynova and Serhiy O. Semerikov},
  title = {Review of the course {``Development of Virtual
           and Augmented Reality Software''} for {STEM} teachers: 
           implementation results and improvement potentials},
  booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on 
                Augmented Reality in Education (AREdu 2021), 
                Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, May 11, 2021}},
  series    = {{CEUR Workshop Proceedings}},
  volume    = {2898},
  pages     = {159--177},
  publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
  year      = {2021},
  url       = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2898/paper09.pdf},
}
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{References to books, conference proceedings and reports}
References to books, proceedings and reports are similar to journal references:

\begin{itemize}
	\item Complete book
	\begin{verbatim}
	@book{Morkun,
	author = {Vladimir Morkun and Serhiy Semerikov 
	and Svitlana Hryshchenko},
	title = {Methods of Using Geoinformation 	Technologies 
	in Mining 	Engineers' Training},
	year = {2018},
	publisher = {Cambridge Scholars Publishing},
	address = {Newcastle upon Tyne},
	url={https://www.cambridgescholars.com/product/978-1-5275-1615-1}
	}
	\end{verbatim} 
	\item Book in series
	\begin{verbatim}
	@book{Dirac:1958,
	author = {P. A. M. Dirac},
	title = {The Principles of Quantum Mechanics},
	series = {The International Series of Monographs on Physics},
	number = {27},
	edition = {4},
	publisher = {Clarendon Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	year = {1967}
	}
	\end{verbatim}
	\item Book chapter or some part of book
	\begin{verbatim}
@inbook{Humboldt:ch1,
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
year = {1999},
title = {{On Language: On the Diversity of Human Language
 Construction and its Influence on the Mental Development 
 of the Human Species}},
series={{Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy}},
author = {Wilhelm {Von Humboldt}},
editor={Michael Losonsky},
chapter={1},
pages={11-22},
}
	\end{verbatim}
	(You can also cite any part of book using \verb"\cite[pp.~110--113]{Dirac:1958}" or \verb"\cite[chapter 4, pp.~98--105]{Dirac:1958}")
	\item Authored chapter 
	\begin{verbatim}
@Incollection{Shramko2016,
author="Shramko, Yaroslav",
editor="Bimb{\'o}, Katalin",
title={{Truth, Falsehood, Information and Beyond:
       The American Plan Generalized}},
bookTitle={{J. Michael Dunn on Information Based Logics}},
year="2016",
publisher="Springer International Publishing",
address="Cham",
pages="191--212",
isbn="978-3-319-29300-4",
doi="10.1007/978-3-319-29300-4_11",
}	\end{verbatim}
	\item Article in conference proceedings
	\begin{verbatim}
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/dhw/SemerikovMM21,
author    = {Serhiy O. Semerikov and
Iryna S. Mintii and
Rusudan K. Makhachashvili},
title     = {Digital Humanities Event Horizon},
booktitle = {{DHW} 2021: Digital Humanities Workshop, 
             Kyiv, Ukraine, 23 December 2021},
pages     = {1-28},
publisher = {{ACM}},
year      = {2021},
doi       = {10.1145/3526242.3526243},
}	\end{verbatim}
	or \verb|@conference| or \verb|@incollection|.
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure*}[h!]
	\centering
	\begin{minipage}[h]{0.23\linewidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{img/ojs}
		(a) \\
	\end{minipage}
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[h]{0.76\linewidth}
		\centering{\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{img/acm}} \\(b)
	\end{minipage}
	\vfill
	\begin{minipage}[h]{0.45\linewidth}
		\centering{\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{img/scopus}} (c) \\
	\end{minipage}
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[h]{0.52\linewidth}
		\centering{\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{img/ieee}} (d) \\
	\end{minipage}
	\vfill
	\centering
	\begin{minipage}[h]{0.35\linewidth}
		\centering
		\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{img/sciencedirect} (e) \\
	\end{minipage}
	\hfill
	\begin{minipage}[h]{0.5\linewidth}
		\centering{\includegraphics[width=1\linewidth]{img/wos}} (f) \\
	\end{minipage}
	\caption{Export citations into a Bib\TeX{} file.}
	\label{export}
\end{figure*}

\subsection{A case of non-Latin source}

When non-Latin alphabet publication cited,
the title of the publication (e.g., book or article) in the original language need to be both transliterated and translated in English. Other bibliographic components (including authors, publisher, address and journal name) are transliterated only \cite{IA2000}:
\begin{verbatim}
@article{IA2000,
author ={Semerikov, S. O. and Soloviov, V. M. and Teplytskyi, I. O.},
year=2000,
title= {Instrumentalne zabezpechennia kursu kompiuternoho modeliuvannia 
        [{I}nstrumental support of the course of computer modeling]},
journal= {Kompiuter u shkoli i simi}, 
number=4,
pages={28-31},
url={https://lib.iitta.gov.ua/704129/}
} 
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Best practices: export citations into a Bib\TeX{} file}

A good way to make your bibliography is to exclude manual creation bibliography items whenever it possible. We strongly recommend to use the ``Cite'' (export) facilities to Bib\TeX{} which available in the most of OJS installations (figure~\ref{export}a), ACM Digital Library (figure~\ref{export}b), Scopus (figure~\ref{export}c), IEEE Xplore (figure~\ref{export}d), ScienceDirect (figure~\ref{export}e), Web of Science (figure~\ref{export}f) etc. 


\subsection{Some examples}

A paginated journal article \cite{Kiv1979K91}, an enumerated journal
article \cite{Kavetskyy2021, refId0}, a monograph (whole book) \cite{Morkun}, a
monograph/whole book in a series
\cite{Harel79}, a divisible-book such as an anthology or compilation
\cite{Editor00} followed by the same example, however we only output
the series if the volume number is given \cite{Editor00a} (so series
should not be present since it has no volume number), a chapter in a
divisible book \cite{Spector90}, a chapter in a divisible book in a
series \cite{Douglass98}, a multi-volume work as book \cite{Knuth97},
an article in a proceedings (of a conference, symposium, workshop for
example) (paginated proceedings article) \cite{Andler79, Makhachashvili}, a
proceedings article with all possible elements \cite{Smith10}, an
informally published work \cite{Harel78}, a doctoral dissertation
\cite{Clarkson85}, a master's thesis: \cite{anisi03}, an online
document / world wide web resource \cite{Thornburg01, Ablamowicz07,
	Poker06}, a video game (Case 1) \cite{Obama08} and (Case 2)
\cite{Novak03} and \cite{Lee05} and (Case 3) a patent
\cite{JoeScientist001}, work accepted for publication \cite{rous08}. Multi-volume works as books
\cite{MR781536} and \cite{MR781537}. A couple of citations with DOIs:
\cite{2004:ITE:1009386.1010128,Kirschmer:2010:AEI:1958016.1958018}. Online
citations: \cite{TUGInstmem, Thornburg01, R, UMassCitations}.

A lot of citations with \verb|\cite|: \cite{
	shramko2002,
	Zha64, 
	Kiv1995443, 
	Shramko20121, 
	Descartes,
	Plato,
	Teplytskyi2000:diss,
	mizPC,
	logos99,
	Osadchyi2017133,
	Puu20061,
	russellhistory,
	Koryakova20071,
	Semerikov2021,
	Trius200474,
	Konoplya2002,
	Morkun20144,
	saptsin2009relativistic,
	Kalitkin:1975,haveman_gualtieri_2016,
	Kerley2003,
	Sutherland1968449,
	Humboldt:ch1,
	Shramko2016,Dirac:1958,
	Tkachuk2021, ap1966}.

Same citations with \verb|\citet|: \citet{
	shramko2002,
Zha64, 
Kiv1995443, 
Shramko20121, 
Descartes,
Plato,
Teplytskyi2000:diss,
mizPC,
logos99,
Osadchyi2017133,
Puu20061,
russellhistory,
Koryakova20071,
Semerikov2021,
Trius200474,
Konoplya2002,
Morkun20144,
saptsin2009relativistic,
Kalitkin:1975,haveman_gualtieri_2016,
Kerley2003,
Sutherland1968449,
Humboldt:ch1,
Shramko2016,Dirac:1958,
Tkachuk2021, ap1966}.


\section{Ethical disclaimers}

A disclaimer is a note of disclaimer of responsibility. For example, authors' statements about conflicts of interest, author contributions, acknowledgements, etc.

Authors should not prepare these disclaimers as a numbered or unnumbered
\verb|\section|%
; please use the special environments instead.

\subsection{Author contributions}

The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) draws attention to the problem of authorship \cite{cope_book_authorship_en}.
The CRediT system (\url{https://credit.niso.org/}) is proposed to formalize author roles.
The CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) offers 14 possible author roles \cite{holcombe_2019_contributorship-not-authorship_en}.
This is not really a taxonomy, but a faceted classification. Author roles are not always independent in themselves.

The following statements should be used \emph{Conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X.; software, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y. and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.; resources, X.X.; data curation, X.X.; writing---original draft preparation, X.X.; writing---review and editing, X.X.; visualization, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; project administration, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y.}
Please add at the end of the statement:
\emph{All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.}

This section has a special environment:

\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{authorcontributions}
		…
	\end{authorcontributions}
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Funding}

Disclaimer \emph{funding} refers primarily to external funding if the research was externally initiated.
If the research is entirely the initiative of the author's team, it is better to indicate gratitude for partial funding of some of the stages of the research in the \emph{Acknowledgments} section.
The fact that the author's team has received external funding should be recorded in the disclaimer as a matter of course.
When mentioning the sponsor, its exact data (name of the organization, grant number, etc.) and the country of its location should be specified (for example \emph{This research was funded by NAME OF FUNDER grant number XXX}).
If there is any support, it is recommended to clarify in the \emph{Conflicts of interest} section at which stages of the research and how the support was used.
If there is no external funding, it is written: \emph{This research received no external funding}.
If it is impossible to obtain information from the authors about the source of funding, then write: \emph{Not specified}.

This section has a special environment:
\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{funding}
		…
	\end{funding}
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Data availability statement}

Data are particularly important in reproducible researches.
The data availability statement tells the reader where the research data related to the article are located and under what conditions the data can be accessed.
References to the dataset are also provided.

If no new data is created or analyzed, please write:
\emph{No new data were created or analyzed in this study. Data sharing is not applicable.}

This section has a special environment:
\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{dataavailability}
		…
	\end{dataavailability}
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Conflicts of interest}

This disclaimer must be included.

Conflicts of interest can comment on various aspects, but usually the author's past or current employment is indicated.
Grants (especially from for-profit companies) received not only by the author but also by the organization for which he or she works are indicated.
If the author is associated with a sponsor, it is indicated where the research was conducted.

If there is no conflict of interest, then the corresponding statement should also be included: \emph{The authors declare no conflict of interest}.

This section has a special environment:
\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{conflictsofinterest}
		…
	\end{conflictsofinterest}
\end{verbatim}



\subsection{Acknowledgments}

Identification of funding sources and other support, and thanks to
individuals and groups that assisted in the research and the
preparation of the work should be included in an acknowledgement
section, which is placed just before the reference section in your
document.

This section has a special environment:
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{acknowledgments}
	We acknowledge Covidpocalypse 2019 for making the 
	long-awaited completion of this paper possible.
\end{acknowledgments}
\end{verbatim}
so that the information contained therein can be more easily collected
during the article metadata extraction phase and to ensure
consistency in the spelling of the section heading.

\subsection{Declaration on Generative AI}

Generative AI can support the drafting of a paper but never supplant it, and should be used responsibly.

ACNS Policy on AI-Assisting Tools aims to be transparent about how authors, readers, reviewers, and editors should approach generative AI (GenAI) tools when writing papers later published at ACNS journals.

If you, the author, use GenAI tools for writing they should only support you in drafting and improving your writing, not doing the core writing tasks on your behalf. Tasks like developing scientific insights, drawing conclusions, or making recommendations should be performed by human authors. ACNS hereby requests you to:

\begin{itemize}
	\item 
\textbf{Declare the use of GenAI tools in the paper.} This declaration helps maintain trust and transparency with the readers and ensures adherence to the terms of use for these tools. This policy applies to new content only (after it takes effect), not to previously published work.
	\item 
\textbf{Review and edit any AI-generated content.} Simply copying and pasting generated content is not permitted as it may contain errors or biases. Ultimately, as the author of the manuscript, you are accountable for its content.
	\item 
\textbf{Not list AI tools as authors.} ACNS publishes original work from human authors. Authorship entails responsibilities, such as guaranteeing accuracy and integrity, that AI-Assistants cannot fulfil. Contributions from GenAI tools must be disclosed in the manuscript’s dedicated section (i.e., Declaration on generative AI) and, if desired, referenced appropriately in the original research papers.
\end{itemize}


A sample of acceptable use cases of GenAI within ACNS publications are exemplified here, alongside notable exceptions where their employment would be deemed unacceptable, are listed in table~\ref{usecase}.

\begin{table}[h]
	\caption{Acceptable and unacceptable cases.}
	\label{usecase}
	\begin{tabular}{cp{0.35\linewidth}p{0.35\linewidth}}
		\toprule
\textbf{Use case} &	\hfil \textbf{Acceptable} &	\hfil \textbf{Unacceptable} \\ 
\midrule
Text creation 	& While GenAI can assist with writer's block or retrieving definitions, its use should be contingent upon human critical thinking and judgment to ensure accuracy and originality. 	& Using GenAI to generate new text, such as paragraphs, or even entire sections of a paper is ethically unacceptable. Academic writing must be original and attributed to human authors.\\
Text translation 	& This involves using GenAI to translate text from another language into English or vice versa. 	&Employing GenAI to translate a previously published work into English, without subsequent editorial refinement, raises ethical concerns about self-plagiarism.\\
Sentence polishing 	&GenAI can be used to identify and correct grammatical errors, typos, and other writing mistakes. This helps improve the clarity and professionalism of your writing. &	GenAI's ability to process large textual data allows it to seemingly process minor sentences to whole paragraphs. Refining whole paragraphs without human critical thinking and judgment can perpetuate biases from its training data and erode the author's narrative voice.\\
Image creation 	& GenAI can create images based on text prompts. This is acceptable only when the paper's core topic is about automatic image generation. 	&Employing GenAI to create visual aids, such as diagrams, charts, and illustrations is unacceptable. The generated output is often nonsensical, and hinder the quality, trustworthiness, and value of scientific papers. \\
Rephrasing& 	GenAI can help you rephrase sentences or paragraphs to improve clarity, conciseness, or style. This can be helpful for expressing ideas in a more sophisticated way. 	&As stated for sentence polishing, rephrasing without human oversight can perpetuate biases from its training data and erode the author's narrative voice.\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

Authors are hereby required to declare and detail the specific contributions of any GenAI tools and services used in the preparation of their work. This ensures transparency and provides readers, and editors with a clear understanding of the role GenAI played in the production of the published work.

This disclosure must include the following:

\begin{itemize}
	\item 
\textbf{Tools and services}: a complete listing of all GenAI tools and services employed.
	\item 
\textbf{Tools’ contributions}: a precise description of the specific contributions made by each GenAI tool or service, categorised in accordance with the established GenAI Usage Taxonomy.
\end{itemize}

GenAI Usage Taxonomy by CEUR-WS (\url{https://ceur-ws.org/GenAI/Taxonomy.html}, table~\ref{genai-tax}) is a 13-role taxonomy describing how GenAI contributed to the production and publication of research articles.

\begin{table}[h]
	\caption{GenAI Usage Taxonomy by CEUR-WS.}
	\label{genai-tax}
	\begin{tabular}{lp{0.6\linewidth}}
		\toprule
		\hfill \textbf{Contribution}  &	\hfil \textbf{Description} \\
		\midrule
		Drafting content 	&AI can help you write different sections of your paper, such as introductions, literature reviews, or methodology descriptions\\
		Generate images 	&AI can help you generate images for your paper\\
		Text translation 	&AI can help you in translating your work or reaching a broader audience\\
		Generate literature review 	&AI can help you drafting a literature review section starting from a set of relevant papers\\
		Paraphrase and reword 	&AI can help you express ideas in different ways, ensuring clarity and conciseness\\
		Improve writing style 	&AI can offer suggestions for sentence structure, word choice, and overall flow\\
		Abstract drafting 	&AI can draft a concise abstract that captures the gist of your research\\
		Grammar and spelling check 	&AI can catch errors that you might have missed\\
		Plagiarism detection 	&AI can help you identify potential plagiarism issues in your own writing\\
		Citation management 	&AI can help format citations and references according to specific styles (e.g., APA, MLA)\\
		Formatting assistance 	&AI can ensure your paper adheres to specific formatting guidelines required by journals or institutions\\
		Peer review simulation 	&AI can simulate peer review by providing feedback on the strengths and weaknesses of your paper\\
		Content enhancement 	&AI can suggest additional content or research that could strengthen your arguments\\
		\bottomrule
	\end{tabular}
\end{table}

The Declaration on generative AI statement should be provided during the submission process and will appear above the References section of the published paper. 

Either:
\emph{The author(s) have not employed any generative AI tools.}\\
or (by using the activity taxonomy in table~\ref{genai-tax}):
\emph{During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used X-GPT-4 and Gramby in order to: Grammar
	and spelling check. Further, the author(s) used X-AI-IMG for figures 3 and 4 in order to: Generate
	images. After using these tool(s)/service(s), the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as
	needed and take(s) full responsibility for the publication’s content.}

This section has a special environment:
\begin{verbatim}
	\begin{aideclaration}
		…
	\end{aideclaration}
\end{verbatim}


\begin{authorcontributions}
	Conceptualization, Serhiy O. Semerikov and Tetiana A. Vakaliuk; methodology, Serhiy O. Semerikov; software, Tetiana A. Vakaliuk;  writing -- original draft, Serhiy O. Semerikov; writing---review and editing, Tetiana A. Vakaliuk.
	All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
\end{authorcontributions}

\begin{funding}
	This research received no external funding.
\end{funding}

\begin{dataavailability}
	No new data were created or analysed during this study. Data sharing is not applicable.
\end{dataavailability}

\begin{conflictsofinterest}
	The authors declare no conflict of interest.
\end{conflictsofinterest}


%% The acknowledgments section is defined using the "acknowledgments" environment
%% (and NOT an unnumbered section). This ensures the proper
%% identification of the section in the article metadata and the
%% consistent spelling of the heading.
\begin{acknowledgments}
	Thanks to the \href{https://github.com/yamadharma/ceurart}{developers of CEURART LaTeX style} for the inspiration.  
\end{acknowledgments}

\begin{aideclaration}
	The authors have not employed any generative AI tools.
\end{aideclaration}

%%
%% Define the bibliography file to be used
\bibliography{sample-acns}

%%
%% If your work has an appendix, this is the place to put it.

\appendix

\section{Appendix}
If your work needs an appendix, add it before the
``\verb|\end{document}|'' command at the conclusion of your source
document.

Start the appendix with the ``\verb|\appendix|'' command:
\begin{verbatim}
\appendix
\end{verbatim}
and note that in the appendix, sections are lettered, not
numbered. 

\end{document}

%%
%% End of file
